What is Dysphagia

• Dysphagia, also known as swallowing impairment, is one of the common conditions following brain injuries including stroke, degenerative brain diseases (Parkinson’s disease and Multiple Sclerosis), and surgery to the head and neck. It is primarily caused due to impaired sensorimotor function involving the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. Subsequently, it decreases the safety, efficiency, and quality of oral intake.

A serious consequence of dysphagia is aspiration, where food and liquids can enter the airway affecting the lungs. If it is not corrected, the aspiration can cause pneumonia, a serious medical condition, which often can result in death in elderly subjects. Additional complications of untreated dysphagia are malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss, increased hospital stay, decreased rehabilitation potential, depression, and social isolation, which contribute to a reduced quality of life.

(Dated Jan 3, 2020)